Edward j



Patented Mar. 8, 1932 PATENT OFFICE EDWARD I. ARNOLD, OF NEW BBUNSWIC K,NEW JERSEY, .A SSIGNOR TO E. I. DU POINT DE NEMOUBS & COMPANY, OFWILMINGTON, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OF DELA- WARE No Drawing.

This invention relates to wall paper and to products of that kind usedfor similar purposes.

Wall paper as at present manufactured,

,5 particularly in the lighter shades which are so desirable, is easilystained by finger marks, grease, Water, and other things the presence ofwhich cannot be avoided. The result is that'wall paper, for instancearound light switches, becomes stained. No method is known by whichthese stains can be successfully removed from the paper.

It has been proposed to overcome the disadvantages inherent in the oldertypes of wall paper to coat the wall paper with Varnish or with alacquer. These proposals, however, were unsatisfactory because thecoatings did not offer suflicient resistance to grease, ink, and otherstains, because they gave the paper 29 a shiny, varnished appearance,and because paper so coated, when coated with the starch pasteadhesive-preparatory to hanging, curls up in a way which makes hangingpractically impossible.

it is an object of this invention to prepare wall paper which is waterresistant and which can be Washed free of stains, even of grease andink, without leaving a noticeable trace behind. It is another object ofthis invention to prepare wall paper having these desirablecharacteristics but Whose appearance does not differ from that ofordinary wall paper. 7

These objects are attained by coating the 5 Wall paper with a cellulosecompound coating composition containing a wax-like substance, a solvent,with or without a plasticizer, with or wlthout a flatting agent andother ordinary ingredients of cellulose lac- 4 quers. If advantage canbe obtained by so doing I may impregnate the paper whose protectionisdesired, adding a surface coat of my lacquer or not as expediencydictates.

In my compositions a cellulose ester or a cellulose ether may be usedwith success.

WALL PAPER Serial No. 506,324.

Among the compounds which I have found useful are cellulose acetate,ethyl cellulose, benzvl cellulose, and cellulose nitrate. If cellulosenitrate be used preferred results are obtained by the use of medium orhigh viscosity cellulose nitrate. The other cellulose esters and ethersare also useful.

In my composition I use a wax-like mate rlal such as various metallicstearates and/or Waxes such as carnauba, candelilla, Montan, beeswax,flax, raphia, cotton seed, condang, pisang, ocotilla, sugar cane wax,insect (Chinese) wax, psylla, bayberry, cofi'ee berry, palm, japan,myrtle, ceresin, ozokerite, synthetic waxes such as chlorinatednaphthalene, and paraflin waxes. Waxes having a high melting point, suchas carnauba wax, give res sults which are to be preferred. Good resultswill be obtained with waxes in solution but preferred results areobtained if the wax 1s 1n suspension.

A plasticizer may be included in my compositions and usually givespreferred results. The plasticizer may be any of those which arecommonly used for the softening of cellulose compounds or may be one ofthe class containing the esters of the mono ethers of polyhydricalcohols. Among the plasticizers I may name dibutyl phthalate, tricresylphosphate, cellosolve stearate, and castor oil.

The inclusion of a flatting agent such as zinc stearate or aluminumstearate tends to give a wall paper with even less tendency to curl thana wall paper coated with a composition which does not include a flattingagent.

In making up my. wall paper lacquer the wax-like material is ground in amaterial, such as a hydrocarbon, which will be inert toward the dyescontained in the wall paper. Alcohol being a solvent at least in somedegree for many dyes, the use of large quantities of alcohol is to beavoided. After a very fine suspension of the wax-like substance in thehydrocarbon is obtained the grinding is stopped and the waxsuspension'is added in the proper. proportions to the other ingredientsof the composition.

Examples of suitable finished compositions are found below.

Ethyl acetate 9.3- Gasoline 13.9 Isobutyl acetate 5.5

This example illustrates, among other things, a wall paper lacquerwithout a softener and containing a synthetic wax. Wall paper coatedwith it showed ood grease and ink resistance and had good appearance asregards flatness.

Example I I 3 22 1? Example V High viscosity nitrocellulose 6.5 g g zfigDibutyl Phthalate Benzyl cellulose 6 5 Aluminum steamte Dibutylphthalate 3,0 carnauba wax Aluminum stearate 4,5 Denatured alcohol 3.5 aWax 3D gz gg genafured alcohol 13.1 uty acetate 8.4 giigi gig ag gelltaiol (synthetic amy1a1coho1) ouo Pentasol I gthyl acetate 8, 9asoline 8.9 100-0 Xylol 11.3 Ewamle H P t [b Butyl alcohol 5.7 $121.?Pyroxylin 6.20 100-0 Carnauba Wax 9.75 Dlbutyl Phthalate This exampleillustrates, among other Denatured alcohol 200 things, the use of acellulose ether in my coat- Tollol 19-80 ing compositions. Wall papercoated with yl acetate 20-00 this composition showed good inkresistance, yl acetate 10-00 good grease resistance, and had a good flatGasolme 9- appearance but tended to curl somewhat al- 100 00 though notenough to seriously affect its utilit Example Ill y Pariislpy Example VIweg P t b High viscosity nitrocellulose 6.2 $222 Oarnauba wax 3.2Nltrocellulose 6.5 Zinc stearate 6.5 Aluminum stearate 4.5 Cellosolvestearate 2.0 Carnauba wax 3.0 Dibutyl phthalate 3.0 l u yl ph h late 1.0Denatured alcohol 2.0 *synthetic resin 6.0 Ethyl acetate 20.0 B tylacetate 33.8 Toluol r 16.0 Pentasol (synthetlc amyl alcohol) 2.}? Butlalcohol 6.2 Denatured alcohol 3. Butyl acetate 15.0 T011101 2.2Gasoline 19:9 X3 101 24.3 Gasoline 8.9 100.0 Example IV 100.0 I ageNitrocellulose 6.5 *The synthetic resin herein had the follow- Aluminumstearate 4.5 mg Composltlon- Pounds Carnauba wax 3.0 I Chlorinatednaphthalene (synthetic 52222 5 :fi wax) 6.0 Butyl acetate 8.4 g i z gglycol Pentasol (synthetic amyl alcohol) 2.1 y Denatured alcohol 25.7-Tolu0l 15.1 This example illustrates, among other things, the use of asynthetic resin in a coat- Example VII Parts by weight Nitrocellulose6.5 Aluminum stearate 4.5 Carnauba wax 3.0 Dibutyl phthalate 6.0Beckacite resin 1.5 Denatured alcohol 3.7 Butyl acetate 28.4 Pentasol(synthetic amyl alcohol) 2.1 Toluol 25.0 Ethyl acetate, 10.4 Gasoline L8.9

This example illustrates, among other things, the use of a modifiednatural resin in a coating composition made according to my invention.Wall paper coated with this composition had good ink and greaseresistance and a good fiat appearance but curled somewhat more than'theforegoing compositions although the curling was not sufiicient toprohibit its use. This composition and the composition of Example VIappear to have a slightly greater water-permeability than the otherexamples but not a permeability sufficient to interfere with theirutility.

My wall paper has overcome former difliculties. The lacquer coatin isinvisible and does not have the undesirab e shiny appearance .ofordinary lacquers. It is able to withstand contact with grease, such asVaseline, for an hour at room temperature without permitting penetrationof the grease. Butter which remains on the paper for a half an hour doesnot penetrate sulficiently to cause discoloration and can be removedwithout a trace. Ordinary red or blue black ink may be splashed upon thecoating, allowed to dry completely, and may then be washed 01f cleanlywith a damp cloth. Among the most important features of my wall paper isthe fact that it does not curl appreciably when the starch paste of thepaperhanger is applied.

The compositions of my invention are useful not only in the coating ofwall papers but are also useful in the coating of other fibrousmaterials, finding a use for example in the lacquering of clothing suchas straw ats.

As many apparently widely difierent emwithout departing from the spiritand scope thereof, it is to be understood that I do not limit myself tothe specific embodiments thereof except as defined in the appended 00claims.

I claim:

1. A washable wall covering comprising a and a material from the groupconsisting of ing such as to bodiments of this invention may be madewaxes and metal stearates, the character and goportion of theingredients of the coating mg such as to give an invisible, matte,washable surface fi 2. -A washable wall covering comprising a fibrousbase, and superposed thereon a surface coatin comprising cellulosenitrate and a material from the group consisting of waxes and metalstearates, the character and proportion of the ingredients of thecoating beglve an invisible, matte, washable surface film. i

3. A washable wall covering comprising a fibrous base, and superposedthereon, a surface coating comprising a cellulose compound, a wax, and ametal stearate, the character and proportion of the ingredients of .thecoating beingsu'ch as to give an invisible,

carnauba wax, the character and proportion of the ingredients of thecoating being such as to give an invisible, matte, washable surfacefilm.

6. A washable wall covering comprising a fibrous base, and superposedthereon a surface coating comprising cellulose nitrate and carnauba wax,the character and roportion of the ingredients of the coating [icingsuch as :35 give an invisible, matte, washable surface 7. A washablewall covering comprising a fibrous base, and superposed thereon aninvisible, matte,-and washable surface coating or film comprisingcellulose nitrate and a wax in the relatively approximate proportions ofparts cellulose nitrate for 46 to 155 parts of the wax.

' 8. A washable wall covering comprising a fibrous base, and superposedthereon an invisible, matte, and washable surface coating or filmcomprising cellulose nitrate and a metal stearate in the approximaterelative proportions of 100 parts cellulose nitrate for 63 to 104 partsof the stearate.

9. A washable wall covering comprising a fibrous base, and superposedthereon an invisible, matte, and washable surface coating or filmcomprising cellulose nitrate, a wax, and a plasticizer in theapproximate relative proportions of 100 parts cellulose nitrate, 46 to155 parts of the wax, and 15 to 92 parts of the plasticizer.

10. A washable wall covering comprising a fibrous base, and superposedthereon an invisible, matte, and washable surface coating or filmcomprising cellulose nitrate, a wax,

and a metal stearate in the approximate relative proportions of 100parts cellulose n1- trate, 46 to 51 parts of the wax, and 63 to 104'parts of the stearate.

11. A washable wall covering comprising a. fibrous base, and superposedthereon an mvisible, matte, and washable surface coating orfilm-comprising cellulose nitrate, a. wax, a metal stearate, and aplasticizer in the approximate relative proportions of'lOO partscellulose nitrate, 46 to 51 parts of the wax, 63 to 104 parts of thestearate, and 15 to 92 parts'of the plasticizer.

12. A washable wall covering comprising a fibrous base, and superposedthereon an 1nvisible, matte and washable surface coating or filmcomprlsing cellulose nitrate, carnauba wax, aluminum stearate, anddibutyl phtha-late in the approximate relative proportions of 100 partscellulose nitrate, 46 to 51 parts of the-wax, 63 to 104 parts of thestearate, and 15 to 92 parts of the hthalate. r 13. A washable,'sustantially non-curling wallpaper comprising a wall paper base, andsuperposed thereon a surface coating comprising a cellulose'compound anda material from the group consisting of waxes and metal stearates, thecharacter and proportion of the ingredients of the coating being such asto give an invisible, matte, washable surface fi m.

14. A washable, substantially non-curlin wall paper comprising a wallpaper base, an superposed thereon a surface coating com prisingcellulose nitrate and a material from the group consisting of waxes andmetal stearates, the character and proportion of the ingredients of thecoating being such as to give an invisible, matte, washable surfacefilm.

15. A washable, substantially non-curling wall paper comprising a wallpaper base, and

superposed thereon a surface coating comprising a cellulose compound, awax, and a metal stearate, the character and roportion of theingredients ofthe coating eing such as to give an invisible, matte,washable surface film.

16. A washable, substantially non-curling wallpaper comprising a wallpaper base, and superposed thereon a surface coating comprising acellulose compound, a wax, a metal stearate, and a plasticizer, thecharacter and proportion of the ingredients of the coating being such asto give an invisible, matte, washable surface film.

17. A washable, substantially non-curling wall paper comprising a wallpaper base, and superposed thereon a surface coating com.- prising acellulose compound and carnauba wax, the character and proportion of theingradients of the coating being such as to give aninvisible, matte,washable surface film.

18. A washable, substantially non-curling wall paper comprising a wallpaper base, and superposed thereon a surface coating comprisin cellulosenitrate and carnauba wax, the c aracter and roportion of the ingredientsof the coating lieingsuch as to give an invisible, matte, Washablesurface film.-

19. A washable, substantially non-curlin wall paper comprising'a wallpaper base, an superposed thereonan invisible, matte, and Washablesurface coating or film comprising cellulose nitrate and a wax in therelatively approximate proportions of 100 parts cellulose nitrate for 46to 155 parts of the wax.

20. .A washable, substantially non-curlin wall paper comprising a wallpaper base, and superposed thereon an invisible, matte, and washablesurface coatingorfilm comprising cellulose nitrate and ametal stearatein the approximate relative proportions of 100 parts cellulose nitratefor 63 to l04parts of the stearate.

21. A washable, substantially non-curlin wall paper comprising a wallpaper base, and superposed thereon an'invisible, matte, and washablesurface coating or film comprising cellulose nitrate, a wax, and aplasticizer in the approximate relative proportions of 100 partscellulose nitrate, 46 to 155 parts of the wax, and 15 to 92 parts of theplasticizer.

22. A washable, substantially non-curlin wall paper comprising a wallpaper base, an superposed thereon an invisible, matte, and washablesurface coating or film comprising cellulose nitrate, a wax, and a metalstearate in the approximate relative proportions of 100 parts, cellulosenitrate, 46 to 51 pa rts of the wax, and 63 to 104Iparts of thestearate.

23. A washable, substantially non-curling wall paper comprising a wallpaper base, and superposed thereonan invisible, matte, and washablesurface coating or film comprising cellulose nitrate,'a wax, a metalstearate, and a plasticizer in the approximate relative proportions of100 parts cellulose nitrate, 46 to 51 partsjofthe wax, 63 to 104 partsof the stearate, and l5 to 92 parts of the plasticizer.

24. A washable, substantially non-curling wall paper comprising a wallpaper base, and superposed thereon an invisible, matte, and washablesurface coating or film comprising cellulose nitrate, carnauba wax,aluminum stearate, and dibutyl phthalate in the approximate relativeproportions of 100 parts cellulose nitrate,,46 to 51 parts of the wax,63 to 104 parts of the stearate, and 15 to 92 parts of the phthalate.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature.

EDWARD F. ARNOLD.

its

